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Cells stained blue under an optical microscope were counted as positive cells, and DAPI counterstain was used to count the total cell number
Inadequate regulation during the production process may lead to contamination or degradation of the seed bank, fermentation failure, and quality control defects
The gamma-glutamyl cycle should be considered not as a mechanism for amino acid transport but rather a generator of extracellular signals, gamma-glutamyl amino acids, that are converted intracellularly to 5-oxoproline, which activates uptake and/or metabolism of amino acids (1, 74, 75)
[65] reported that CQDs synthesised from Hibiscus rosa-sinensis exhibited moderate cytotoxicity in L929 fibroblasts with approximately 76% cell viability at 100 g/mL, while showing minimal toxicity in HaCaT keratinocytes, supporting their selective safety profile for nanotherapeutic research [65]
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